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21.
When was the Olympic flag created?
The Olympic flag, created in 1913 at the suggestion
of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, was solemnly inaugurated
it Paris in June 1914, but, it was raised over
an Olympic stadium for the first time at the Antwerp
Games in 1920. There is also a second Olympic
flag is made of white silk and contains five intertwined
rings. From left to right the rings are blue yellow,
black, green and red. The rings are meant to recall
the five continents. At least one of these colours
is found on the flag of every country.
22. How did arithmetical numbers come into existence?
Where was ‘zero’ invented?
The arithmetical numbers, which are universal
today, were first invented system in India. This
is known as Hindu numeral system. It simplified
calculations by marking the values of a number
depend on its position as well as the number itself.
In the number 444, the single figure 4 represents
400, 40 and 4, and the whole number is the sum
of these values. In contrast, the Romans used
symbols whose values were the same irrespective
of their positions.
Hindu numeral system included a zero. So, zero
was first invented in India. Zero revolutionised
arithmetical calculations and the numeral system.
It was adopted by the Arabs and then reached Europe
as early as in 10th century.
23. What are the viruses and bacteria?
Viruses and bacteria are the smallest living things.
Viruses have no cell walls and can only work properly
inside the cells of other living organisms. Bacteria
are larger than viruses and can exist by themselves.
A virus is made up of a protean coat wrapped around
a small amount of DNA or RNA. It can reproduce
itself but only when it is inside a living cell.
Versus are, there fore, on the borderline between
living and non-living things. When they invade
cells they usually cause disease.
Bacteria are tiny, single-celled organisms. Some
are round, others are rod-shaped and some even
look like cork-screws.
Some bacteria cause disease but many other are
useful. A large number feed by breaking down dead
plant and animal matter. They release chemicals
into the soil that can be used by plants.
24. Why is it harmful to see solar eclipse with
naked eye?
Doctors always warn people, especially children,
against watching the solar eclipse, either directly
or through smoking glasses or even in shallow
water as in utensil. The harmful rays in the sunlight
(infrared rays) are at the maximum during the
eclipse and it burns the most sensitive part of
retina, forea and macula, leading to irreversible
loss of eyesight.
The surface of the sun is about four times as
hot as a furnace. The lens or cornea in our eyes
acts like a burning-glass. If one looks straight
at the sun, the lens will be destroyed for life.
Even if we look at the sun through smoked glass,
the sun may look dim, but the dangerous heat rays
can still pass through. Whenever there is an eclipse
of the sun, some people are blinded because they
take foolish risks of this sort.
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25. Which is the largest muscle in human body?
Muscles normally account for 40 percent of human
body weight and the bulkiest of the 639 named
muscles in the human body is usually the “gluteus
maximus” or buttock muscle, which extends
the thigh. However, in pregnancy the uterus of
womb can increase its weight forms about 30 grams
to over 1kg.
26. What protects our eyes?
Our eyes are very delicate organs that need protection.
Tears kill invading germs and our eyelids, eyelashes
and eyebrows help to keep out other harmful particles.
Our eyes first line of defence is eyelashes and
eyelids. Our eyelashes from two rows of stiff
hairs around each eye. They help to catch and
remove any large particles that come too close
to our eyes.
Our eyelids are equipped with muscles so that
they can open and close. The reflex action that
makes up close our eyes helps to protect them
from being injured by objects or dazzled by bright
light. Any dust or dirt that does reach our eyes
is removed when we blink. Our eyelids close briefly,
sweeping across the front of our eyeballs.
The eyebrows form two long patches of protective
hairs above our eyes. They prevent moisture from
our forehead from running down into our eyes.
27. Who invented insulin?
Insulin is a very useful drug for diabetes and
was discovered by the Canadian physician and Nobel
price winner , Dr.Federik Grant Banting in 1921.
28.Which is the birth place of Shakespeare?
Birthplace of Shakespeare is at Stratford-on-Avon,
a town in south- west Warwickshire, in central
England, on the Avon River. It is also the burial
place of Shakespeare.
29. Which planet is known as the ‘Evening
Star’?
Venus.
30.What is photophobia?
Photophobia means an abnormal fear of or aversion
to light.
Source: Competition Success review
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